Set your oven to 170°C (340°F). This moderate temperature allows the cake to bake evenly without drying out.
Butter and flour a 22 cm (9-inch) round cake pan to prevent sticking. You can also line the bottom with parchment paper for easy release.
In a large bowl, whisk together the eggs, vegetable oil, sugar, and vanilla extract until smooth and well blended. This mixture forms the moist base of the cake.
In a separate bowl, sift together the flour, baking powder, cinnamon, and mixed spice. This step evenly distributes the leavening and spices for a balanced flavor.
Gradually add the dry ingredients to the wet mixture, stirring gently until just combined. Avoid overmixing, which can lead to a dense cake.
Fold in the freshly grated carrots, and if using, add raisins and chopped walnuts for texture and natural sweetness.
Pour the batter into the prepared tin and bake in the preheated oven for 70 to 80 minutes, or until a skewer inserted into the center comes out clean. Baking times may vary by oven, so start checking at 65 minutes.
Let the cake cool in the pan for 10–15 minutes before turning it out onto a wire rack to cool completely.